:::
| 論文分類 | 碩士論文 |
|---|---|
| 學號 | 10025614 |
| 姓名 | 江瑋哲 |
| 標題(中) | 大氣中細懸浮微粒化學組成及來源貢獻分析研究 |
| 標題(英) | Investigation of Atmospheric PM2.5 Chemical Composition and Source Contribution |
| 指導教授 | 楊錫賢 |
| 畢業日期 | 2014-08 |
| 附件檔案 | |
| 參考連結 | http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22102CYUT5087001%22.&searchmode=basic&extralimit=asc=%22%E6%9C%9D%E9%99%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%22&extralimitunit=%E6%9C%9D%E9%99%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8 |
| 摘要 | 本研究於100年7月至102年6月進行桃園地區不同季節大氣中細懸浮微粒採樣，將採集之樣品進行金屬元素與水溶性離子分析，並應用正矩陣因子分析與污染源的相關性，最後以化學質量平衡法做來源貢獻分析，推估各種污染源對受體點貢獻量。研究結果顯示，桃園地區於冬季與春季期間測得之細懸浮微粒質量濃度高於夏季與秋季。在化學組成方面，大氣微粒中之金屬元素以Al、Ca、Fe、K、Mg與Na所含濃度最高。水溶性離子佔細微粒比例多寡最高為SO42-，其次為NH4+，而後為NO3-。在應用正矩陣因子法分析進行大氣各測點採樣分析結果顯 |
| 參考文獻 | Aarnio, p., Yli-Tuomi, T., Kousa, A., Makela, T., Hirsikko, A., Hameri, K., Raisanen, M., Hillamo, R., Koskentalo, T., Jantunen, M.,“The concentrations and composition of and exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) in the Helsinki subway,”Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 39, pp. 5059-5066 (2005).Adams, H.S., Nieuwenhuijsen, M.J., Colvile, R.N., McMullen, M.A.S., Khandelwal, P., “Fine particle (PM2.5) personal exposure levels in transport microenvironments, London, UK,” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 279, pp. 29-44 (2005).Almeida, S.M., Pio, C.A., Freitas, M.C., Reis, M.A., Trancoso, M.A., “Source apportionment of fine and coarse particulate matter in a sub-urban area at the Western European coast,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 39, pp. 3127-3138 (2005).Artinano, B., Salvador, P., Alonso, D.G., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., “Influence of traffic on the PM10 and PM2.5 urban aerosol fractions in Madrid (Spain),” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 334-335, pp. 111-123 (2004).Bowen, H.T.M., “Environmental chemistry of elements,” Academic, London New York Toronto. 333 (1979).Burnett, R.T., Smith-Doiron, M., Stieb, D., Cakmak, S., Brook, J.R., “Effects of aprticulate and gaseous air pollution on cardiorespiratory hospitalizations,” Archives of Environmental and Occupational Health, Vol. 54, pp. 130-139 (1999).Carmichael, G.R., Zhang, Y., Chen, L.L., Hong, M.S., Ueda, H., “Seasonal variation of aerosol composition at Cheju island, Korea,” Atmospheric Environment,” Vol. 30, pp. 2407-2416 (1996).Chan, Y.C., Simpson, R.W., Mctainsh, G.H., Vowles, P.D., Cohen, D.D., Bailey, G.M., “Source apportionment of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosols in Brisbane (Australia) by receptor modeling,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 33, pp. 3251-3268 (1999).Chang, S.Y., Lee C.T., Chou Charles C.K., Liu, S.C., Wen, T.X., “The continuous field measurements of soluble aerosol compositions at the Taipei aerosol super site, Taiwan,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 41, pp. 1936-1949 (2007).Cheng, Y., Lee, S.C., Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G., Louie, P.K.K., Cao, J.J., Hai, X., “Chemically-speciated on-road PM2.5 motor vehicle emission factors in Hong Kong,” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 408, pp. 1621-1627 (2010).Cheng, Y., Lee, S.C., Ho, K.F., Louie, P.K.K., “On-road particulate matter (PM2.5) and gaseous emissions in the Shing Mun Tunnel, Hong Kong,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 40, pp. 4235-4245 (2006).Chow, J. C., Watson, J.G., Fujita, E.M., Lu, Z.Q., Lawson, D.R., Ashbaugh, L.L., “Temporal and spatial variations of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosol in the Southern, California air-quality study,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 28, pp. 2061-2080 (1994) .Chow, J.C., “Measurement methods to determine compliance with ambient air quality standard for suspended particles,” Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, Vol. 45, pp. 320-382 (1995).Donaldson, K., Mills, N., MacNee, W., Robinson, S., Newby, D., “Role of inflammation in cardiopulmonary health.” (2005).Eldered, R.A., Cahill, T. A., Flochini, R.G., “Composition of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosols in the IMPROVE network,” Journal of the Air &; Waste Management Association, Vol. 47, pp. 194-203 (1997).Fang, C.C., Chang, C.N., Chu, C.C., Wu, Y.S., Fu, P.P.C., Yang, I.L., Chen M.H., “Characterization of particulate, metallic elements of TSP, PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 aerosols at a farm sampling site in Taiwan, Taichung,” The Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 308, pp. 157-166 (2003).Giugliano, M., Lonati,, G., Butelli, P., Romele, L., Tardivo, R., Grosso, M., “Fine particulate (PM2.5-PM1) at urban sites with different traffic exposure,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 39, pp. 2421-2431 (2005).Godleski, J.J., Verrier, R.L., Koutrakis, P., Catalano, P., Coull, B., Reinishch, U., Lovett, E.G., Lawrence, J., Murthy, G.G., Wolfson, J.M., Clarke, R.W., Nearing, B.D., Killingsworth C., “Mechanisms of morbidity and mortality from exposure to ambient particles,” Research Report Health Effects Institute. Vol. 91, 5-88 (2000).Greaves, S., Issarayangyun, T., Liu, Q., “Exploring variability in pedestrian exposure to fine particulates (PM2.5) along a busy road,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 42, pp. 1665-1676 (2008).Greenberg, R.R, Gordon, G.E., Zoller, W.H., Jacko, R.B., “Composition of particles emitted from the nicosia municipal incinerator.” Environmental Sciences, Vol. 12, pp. 1329-1336 (1978).Grosjean, D., Friedlander, S.K., “Gas-particle distribution factors for organic and other pollutants in the Los Angeles atmosphere,” Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association Vol. 25, pp. 1039-1044 (1975).Gulliver, J., Briggs, D.J., “Personal exposure to particulate air pollution in transport microenvironments,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 38, pp. 1-8 (2004).Harrison, R.M., Smith, D.J.T., Luhana, L., “Source apportionment of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons collected from an urban location in Birmingham, UK,” Environment Science and Technology, Vol. 30, pp. 825-832 (1996).He, L.Y., Hu, M., Zhang, Y.H., Huang, X.F., Yao, T.T., “Fine particle emissions from on-road vehicles in the Zhujiang tunnel, China,” Environmental Science &; Technology, Vol. 42, pp. 4461-4466 (2008).Hidy, G.M. Friendlander, S.K., (1971). The nature of the Los Angeles aerosol. In proceedings of the second international clean air congress, Englund, H.M., Berry, W.T., eds. Academic press, New York, 391-404.Hildemann, L.M., Markowski, G.R., Cass, G.R., “Chemical composition of emissions from urban sources of fine organic aerosol,” Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 25, pp. 744-759 (1991).Hinds, W.C., “Properties, behavior and measure of airborne particles, 2nd edition,” Aerosol Technology, New York, USA. pp. 3-4 (1997).Ho, K.F., Lee, S.C., Cao, J.J., Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G., Chan, C.K., “Seasonal variations and mass closure analysis of particulate matter in Hong Kong,” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 355, pp. 276-287 (2006).Hoek G., Brunekreef B., Fischer P., van Wijnen J., “The association between air pollution and heart failure, arrhythmia, embolism, thrombosis, and other cardiovascular causes of death in a time series study,” Epidemiology, Vol. 12, pp. 355-357 (2001).Hu, M., He, L.Y., Zhang, Y.H., Wang, M., Kim, Y.P., Moon, K.C.,“Seasonal variation of ionic in fine particles at Qingdao, China,”Atmospheric Environment, Vol.36, pp. 5853-5839 (2002).Hueglin, C., Gehrig, R., Baltensperger, U., Gysel, M., Monn, C., Vonmont, H., “Chemical characterisation of PM2.5, PM10 and coarse particles at urban, nearcity and rural sites in Switzerland,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 39, pp. 637-651 (2005).James, P.S., Raveendra, V.I., Timothy, E., “Multivariate statistical examination of spatial and temporal patterns of heavy metal contamination in New Bedford Harbor Marine Sediments,” Environmental Science, Vol. 29, pp. 1781-1788 (1995).Khan, Md. F., Shirasuna, Y., Hirano, K., Masunaga, S., “Characterization of PM2.5, PM2.5-10 and PM10 in ambient air, Yokohama, Japan,” Atmospheric Research, Vol. 96, pp. 159-172 (2010).Khodeir , M., Shamy , M., Alghamdi , M., Zhong , M., Sun , H., Costa , M., Chen , L.C., Maciejczyk P., “Source apportionment and elemental composition of PM2.5 and PM10 in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia,” Atmospheric Pollution Research, Vol. 3, pp. 331-340 (2012).Kim, Y.P., Lee, J.H., Baik, N.J., Kim, J.Y., Shim, S.G., Kang, C.H., “Summertime characteristics of aerosol composition at Cheju island, Korea,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 32, pp. 3905-3915 (1998).Kneip, T.J., Kleinman, M.T., Eisenbud, M., “Relative contribution of emission sources to the total airborne particulates in New York city,” In 3rd IUAPPA Clean Air Congress (1972).Kowalczyk, G.S., Choquette, C.E., Gordon, G.E., “Chemical element balance and identification of air pollution sources in ashington D.C.,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 12, pp. 1143-1153 (1978).Lai, S.C., Zou, S.C., Cao, J.J., Lee, S.C., Ho, K.F., “Characterizing ionic species in PM2.5 and PM10 in four pearl river delta cities, south China,” Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 19, pp. 939-947 (2007).Lee, S., Liu, W., Wang, Y., Russell, A.G., Edgerton, E.S., “Source apportionment of PM2.5: Comparing PMF and CMB results for four ambient monitoring sites in the southeastern United States,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 42, pp. 4126-4137 (2008).Liao, D., Creason, J., Shy, C., Williams, R., Watts, R., Zweidinger, R., “Daily variation of particulate air pollution and poor cardiac autonomic control in the elderly,” Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 107, pp. 521-525 (1999).Lough, G.C., Schauer, J.J., Park, J.S., Shafer, M.M., Deminter, J.T., Weinstein, J.P., “Emissions of metals associated with motor vehicle roadways,” Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 39, pp. 826-836 (2005).Lung, S.C., Liu, C.H., Huang S.Y., Lin T.J., Chou, C.K., Liu, S.C., “Water-soluble ions of aerosols in Taipei in spring 2002,” Taiwan Academic Online, Vol. 15, pp. 901-923 (2004).Marcazzan, G.M., Geriani, M., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., ”Source apportionment of PM10 and PM2.5 in Milan (Italy) using receptor modeling,” The Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 317, pp. 137-147 (2003).Marcazzan, G.M., Vaccaro, S., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., “Characterisation of PM10 and PM2.5 particulate matter in the ambient air of Milan (Italy),” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 35 pp. 4639-4650 (2001).McCreanor, J., Stewart-Evans, J., Malliarou, E., Han, I., Zhang, J., Svartengren, M., “Health effects of diesel exhaust in asthmatic atients: a real-world study in London. Paper presented at the Ninth Annual UK review meeting on outdoor and indoor air pollution research,” Institute for Environment and Health, Leicester, UK. (2005).Murillo, J.H., Ramos, A.C., Garcia, F.A., Jimenez, S.B., Cardenas, B., Mizohata, A., “chemical composition of pm2.5 particles in Salamanca, Guanajuato Mexico: source apportionment with receptor models,” Atmospheric Research, Vol. 107, pp. 31-41 (2012).Nicole, A.H.J., Dimphe, F.M., Katinka, V.D.J., Hendrik, H., Gerard, H., “Mass concentration and elemental composition of airborne particulate matter at street and background locations,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 31, pp. 1185-1193 (1997).Nriagu, J.O., “A global assessment of natural source of atmospheric trace metals,” National Water Research Institute, Vol. 338, pp. 47-49 (1989).Oliveira, C., Pio, C., Caseiro, A., Santos, P., Nunes, T., Mao, H., Luahana, L., Sokhi, R., “Road traffic impact on urban atmospheric aerosol loading at Oporto, Portugal,” Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 44, pp. 3147-3158 (2010).Pacyna, J.M., “Atmospheric trace elements from natural and anthropogenic sources, in Nriagu, in Nriagu, J.O., Davidson, C.I. (Eds.):Toxic metals in the atmosphere,” Wiley, New York (1986).Peters, A., Vonklot, S., Heier, M., Trentinaglia, I., Hormann, A., Wichmann, H.E., Lowel, H., “Exposure to traffic and the onset of myocardial infarction,” New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 351, pp. 1721-1730 (2004).Pfeifer G.D., Harrison, R.M., Lynam, D.R.,“Personal exposures to airborne metals in Londin taxi drivers and office workers in 1995 and 1996,”Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 235, pp. 253-260 (1999).Pope III, C.A., Burnett, R.T., Thurston, G.D., thun, M.J., Calle, E.E., krewski, D., Godleski, J.J., “Cardiovascular mortality and long-term exposure to particulate air pollution: epidemiological evidence of general pathophysiological pathways of disease,” Circulation. Vol. 109, pp. 71-77 (2004).Putauda, J.P., Raes, F., Dingenen, R.V., Br.uggemann, E., Facchini, M.C., Decesari, S., Fuzzi, S., Gehrig, R., Huglin, C., Laj, P., Lorbeer, G., Maenhaut, W., Mihalopoulos, N., Muller, K., Querol, X., Rodriguez, S., Schneider, J., Spindler, G., Brink, H.T., Trseth, K., Wiedensohler, A., “A European aerosol phenomenology-2:chemical characteristics of particulate matter at kerbside, urban, rural and background sites in Europe,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 38, pp. 2579-2595 (2004).Raad R.Y., Davies, T.D., Jickells, T.D., Miller J.M., “Trace elements in daily collected aerosols at a site in southeast England,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 25, pp. 985-996 (1991).Ragosta, M., Caggiano, R., Macchiato, M., Sabia, S., Trippetta, S., “Trace elements in daily collected aerosol: Level characterization and source identification in a four-year study,” Atmospheric Research, Vol. 89, pp. 206-217 (2008).Rees, S.L., Robinson, A.L., Khlystov, A., Stanier, C.O., Pandisb, S.N., ”Mass balance closure and the Federal Reference Method for PM2.5 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 38, pp. 3305-3318 (2004).Riediker, M., Cascio, W.E., Griggs, T.R., Herbst, M.C., Bromberg, P.A., Neas, L., Williams, R.W., Devlin, R.B., “Particulate matter exposure in cars is associated with cardiovascular effects in healthy young men,” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 169, pp. 934-940 (2004).Rodriguez, S., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Viana, M.M., Alarcon, M., Mantilla, E., Ruiz, C.R., “Comparative PM10-PM2.5 source contribution study at rural, urban and industrial sites during PM episodes in Eastern Spain,” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 328, pp. 95-113 (2004).Rogge, W.F., Hildemann, L.M., Mazurek, M.A., Cas, G.R., “Sources of fine organic aerosol, 3, road dust, tire debris, and organometallic brake lining dust: roads as sources and sinks,” Environmental Science &; Technology, Vol. 27, pp. 1892-1904 (1993).Saarikoski, S., “Chemical mass closure and source-specific composition of atmospheric particles,” Finnish Meteorological Institute Contributions, Vol. 74 (2008).Scheff, P.A., Valiozis, C., “Characterization and source identification of respirable particulate matter in Athens, Greece,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 24, pp. 203-211 (1990).Sun, Y., Zhuang, G., Wang, Y., Han, L., Guo, J., Dan, M., Zhang, W., Wang, Z., Hao, Z.,“The air-borne particulate pollution in Beijing - concentration, composition, distribution and sources,”Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 38, 99. 5991-6004 (2004).Shwartz, J., Dockery, D.W., Neas, L.M., “Is daily mortlity associated specifically with fine particles,” Air and Waste Management Association, Vol. 46, pp. 927-939 (1996).Sillanpaa, M., Hillamo, R., Saarikoski, S., Frey, A., Pennanen, A., Makkonen, U., Spolnik, Z., Grieken, R.V., Braniš, M., Brunekreef, B., Chalbot, M.C., Kuhlbusch, T., Sunyer, J., Kerminen, V.M., Kulmala, M. and Salonen, R.O., “Chemical composition and mass closure of particulate matter at six urban sites in Europe,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 40, pp. 212-223 (2006).Stone, E.A., Yoon S.C., Schauer, J.J.,“Chemical characterization of fine and coarse particles in Gosan, Korea during springtime dust events,”Taiwan Association for Aerosl Research, Vol. 11,pp. 31-43 (2011)Sternbeck, J., Sjodin, A., Andreasson, K., “Metal emissions from road traffic and the influence of resuspension - results from two tunnel studies,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 36, pp. 4735-4744 (2002).Swietlicki, E., Krejci, R., “Source characterisation of the central European atmospheric aerosol using multivariate statistical methods,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Res, p.p. 519-525 (1996).Tao, J., Zhang, L., Engling, G., Zhang, R., Yang, Y., Cao, J., Zhu, C., Wang, Q., Luo, L., “Chemical composition of PM2.5 in an urban environment in Chengdu, China: Importance of springtime dust storms and biomass burning,” Atmospheric Research, Vol. 122, pp. 270-283 (2013).Thurston, G.D., Spengler, J.D., “A quantitative assessment of source contributions to inhalable particulate matter pollution in metropolitan Boston,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 19, pp. 9-25 (1985).USEPA Receptor Model Technical Series, Vol. II, Chemical Mass Balance, Report No. EPA-450/4-81-016b, U.S. EPA Research Triangle Park Nc (1981).Van Malderen, H., Rojas, C., Rrieken, R., “Characterization of individual giant aerosol particle above the North Sea,” Environmental Science &; Technology, Vol. 26, pp. 750-756.Vanloon, J.C., “Selected methods of trace metal analysis: biological and environmental samples,” John Wiely and Sons, Inc., (1985).Viana, M., Amato, F., Alastuey, A., Querol, X., Moreno, T., Garcia, S., Herce, M.D., Fernandez-Patier, R., “Chemical tracers of particulate emissions from commercial shipping,” Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 43, pp. 7472-7477 (2009).Wang, Y., Zhuang, G., Tang, A., Yuan, H., Sun, Y., Chen, S., Zheng, A., “The ion chemistry and the source of PM2.5 aerosol in Beijing,” Journal of Hazardous Materialst, Vol. 39, pp. 3771-3784 (2005).Wang, Y.F., Huang, K.L., Li, C.T., Mi, H.H., Luo, J.H., Tsai, P.J., “Emissions of fuel metal content from a diesel vehicles engine,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 37, pp. 4637-4643 (2003).Watson, J.G., “Chemical element balance receptor model methodology for assessing the sources of fine and total suspended particulate matter in Portland, Oregon,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Oregon graduate center, Beaverton, OR, Beaverton, OR. (1979).Watson, J.G., Chow, J.C., Chen, L.W.A., Green, M.C., Kohl, S.D., “Wintertime PM2.5 source contributions in Reno, NV,” Desert Research Institute Nevada System of Higher Education (2012).Wei, F., Teng, E., Wu, G., Hu, W., Wilson, W.E., Chapman, R.S., Pau, J.C., Zhang, J., “Ambient concentration and elemental compositions of pm10 and pm2.5 in four Chinese cities,” Environmental Science &; Technology, Vol. 33, pp. 4188-4193 (1999).Winchester, J.W., Nifong, G.D., “Water pollution in Lake Michigan by trace elements from aerosol fallout,” Water Air and Soil Pollution, Vol. 1, pp. 50-64 (1971).Yao, X., Chan, C.K., Fang, M., Cadle, S., Chan, T., Mulawa, P., He, K., Ye, B.,“The water-soluble ionic composition of PM2.5 in Shanghai and Beijing, China,”Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 36, pp. 4223-4234 (2002).Yang, K. L., “Spatial and seasonal variation of PM10 mass concentrations in Taiwan,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 36, pp. 3403-3411 (2002).Yuan, C.S., Sau, C.C., Chen, M.C., Hung, M.H., Chang, S.W., Lin, Y.C., Lee, C.G., “Mass concentration and size-resolved chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols sampled at the Pescadores Islands during Asian dust storm periods in the years of 2001 and 2002,” TAO, Vol. 15, pp. 857-879 (2004).Zanobetti, A., Canner, M.J., Stone, P.H., Schwartz, J., sher, D., Eagan-Bengstion, E., Gates, K.A., Hartley, L.H., Such, H., Gold, D.R., “Ambient pollution and blood pressure in cardiac rehabilitation patients,” Circulation, Vol. 110, pp. 2184-2189 (2004).Zheng, M., Salmon, L.G., Schauer, J.J., Zeng, L., Kiang, C.S., Zhang, Y., Cass, G.R., “Sersonal trends in PM2.5 source contributions in Beijing, China,” Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 39, pp. 3967-3976 (2005).吳啟文，「台灣中部都會區氣懸浮微粒粒徑分佈之污染物特性分析」，碩士論文，國立中央大學環境工程研究所，桃園 (1996)。吳義林、許立勳，「台南縣大氣懸浮微粒組成與來源」，第十五屆空氣污染控制技術研討會，763-767，(1998)。林志忠，「交通源大氣奈米、超細、細及粗微粒組成特性之研究」，博士論文，國立屏東科技大學環境工程與科學系，屏東 (2007)。俞宗岳，「大氣中懸浮微粒二次氣膠含量與生成速率之推估」，碩士論文，國立成功大學環境工程學系，台南 (2003)。候伶佳，「運用受體模式與軌跡模式探討懸浮微粒之貢獻與傳輸」，碩士論文，逢甲大學環境工程與科學系，台中 (2007)。陳昌煚，「交通空氣品質監測站污染特性探討及改善策略研擬-以苗栗公館測站為例」，碩士論文，國立中山大學環境工程研究所，高雄 (2005)。陳康興、林鉅富，「高雄地區大氣中懸浮微粒PM2.5特性及來源之探討」，1999 氣膠科技國際研討會，76-84，(1999)。陳穩至，「大氣中懸浮微粒之特性與來源」，碩士論文，國立成功大學環境工程學系，台南 (2000)。曾國書，「屏東都會區出細懸浮微粒特性之研究」，碩士論文，國立屏東科技大學環境工程與科學系，屏東 (2006)陳順宇，「多變量分析」，華泰文化出版，台北 (2000)。黃元勳，「屏東郊區大氣懸浮微粒化學組成特性探討」，碩士論文，國立屏東科技大學環境工程與科學系，屏東 (2006)。賴沛君，「應用CMB受體模式分析懸浮微粒高污染事件之研究」，碩士論文，國立中興大學環境工程學系，台中 (2004)。蔡春進，「101年度環境中奈米物質量測及特性分析技術開發」，行政院環境保護署環境檢驗所，(2012)。鄭曼婷、李建翰、賴立蓁、黃柏翔，「應用CMB受體模式解析中灣西部地區大氣懸浮微粒的污染源貢獻量」，中華民國環境工程學會，2009空氣污染控制技術研討會，雲林 (2009)。王竹方、蔡素芬、賴宏志、鄭曼婷，「鋪面道路街塵之元素組成及其粒徑分佈」，第十五屆空氣污染控制技術研討會論文集(1998)。王俊凱，「台灣地區大氣氣膠特性之研究－高雄、台北都會區氣膠特性與污染來源推估」，碩士論文，國立中央大學環境工程研究所，桃園，(2000)。黃瓊慧，「台灣地區大氣氣膠特性之研究－台北高雄地區單顆粒氣膠與混合相氣膠污染來源推估」，碩士論文，國立中央大學環境工程研究所，桃園，(2001)。黃譯樘，「台北都會區大氣懸浮微粒的化學特性研究」，碩士論文，國立台灣大學海洋研究所，台北，(2003)。楊宏隆，「大氣懸浮微粒PM2.5及PM10之特性及來源分析」，中興大學環境工程學研究所碩士論文(1998)。蔡仁雄，「屏東郊區懸浮微粒研究」，碩士論文，國立屏東科技大學環境工程與科學研究所，屏東，(2006)。鄭曼婷、林煜棋、蔡明杰、許世傑、周崇光、劉紹臣,「2002 年大陸沙塵事件日台灣中部氣膠物理化學特性」。鄭曼婷、邱嘉斌、陳紀綸、王景良，“南高屏地區空氣污染總量管制專案計畫—子題E2：既有指紋資料之彙整與受體模式在南高屏地區之應用”，行政院環境保護署研究報告，EPA-87-EA42-03-F5。(1998)。鄭曼婷、邱嘉斌、楊宏隆、陳紀綸，「沿海地區大氣懸浮微粒污染來源分析」，第十五屆空氣污染控制技術研討會論文專輯，第733–740 頁(1998)。賴沛君、邱嘉斌、鄭曼婷、蔡瀛逸、王松茂，「秋季高污染期間高雄縣污染來源分析研究」，第二十屆空氣污染控制技術研討會論文專輯(2002)。吳旻修，「高雄地區奈米微粒之粒徑分布、化學組成及來源解析」，碩士論文，國立成功大學環境工程學系，台南 (2012)。蔡宏杰，「受體模式 PMF 解析中部地區揚塵來源之共線性」，碩士論文，國立中興大學環境工程學系，台中 (1999)。 |
